THERMAL MODEL NUMERIC DEVELOPMENT BY USED NANOFLUIDE IN COMPLEX CAVITY

Abstract

Heat and mass transport by natural convection in magnetohydrodynamics in traditional fluids has drawn substantial research interest due to its broad Science and engineering applications, especially in solar energy technologies. Incorporating factors such as heat sources/sinks, chemical reactions, radiation absorption into fluid flow and porous medium analyses introduces greater complexity but also increases the practical relevance of these studies for advanced engineering systems. These aspects have become key focus areas in contemporary research, given their critical importance across multiple industrial and scientific fields. This work computationally simulates the convective motion of nanoparticles in permeable space in the presence of a magnetic field using a non-Darcy model and porous terms in momentum equations. A nano fluid serves as the working fluid. The radiation effect for various nanoparticle forms will be reported. The impact of physics parameters on nanofluid performance will also be illustrated, and the impacts of Rayleigh number, magnetic force, nanoparticle shape, and shape factor radiation parameter on nanofluid will be investigated. The creation of entropy in nanofluid mixed convection flow has been the subject of further research. A mathematical model has been constructed to describe this phenomenon. The Galerkin weighted residual finite element method was used to discretize the resulting nondimensional equations. This thesis uses computational fluid dynamics (CFD) software to investigate the steady-state incompressible free convection flow of nanofluid in various enclosures. The study examines the impact of Rayleigh numbers (Ra) from 102𝑡𝑜106, Hartman numbers (Ha) from 0𝑡𝑜100, Darcy numbers (Da) from 10−5𝑡𝑜10−2, geometrical parameters (undulation number and inner cylinder position), and solid volume fractions (0, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, and 8%) on isotherm, streamline, average Nusselt number (Nuavg), and the total entropy generation. According to the study, injecting nanofluid under particular circumstances increased heat transmission. The biggest increase in heat transmission occurs in the conduction-dominated flow regime, where the improved thermal characteristics of nanofluids are crucial. When convection is the main route of heat transmission, nanofluids do not considerably increase efficiency. The buoyant force grew as the temperature differential between hot and cold sources widened.